258 lines
9.5 KiB
Python
258 lines
9.5 KiB
Python
import collections
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import sys
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from typing import List, Tuple, Optional, DefaultDict
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# Halt indicates that the assembled program should terminate
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class Halt(Exception):
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pass
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class Memory(collections.OrderedDict):
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def __missing__(self, address):
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if address < 0:
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raise KeyError("Address cannot be < 0")
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return 0
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# Operation represents an operation that the intcode computer should do
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class Operation:
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OPCODE_TERMINATE = 99
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OPCODE_ADD = 1
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OPCODE_MULTIPLY = 2
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OPCODE_INPUT = 3
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OPCODE_OUTPUT = 4
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OPCODE_JUMP_IF_TRUE = 5
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OPCODE_JUMP_IF_FALSE = 6
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OPCODE_LESS_THAN = 7
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OPCODE_EQUALS = 8
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OPCODE_SET_REL_BASE = 9
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MODE_POSITION = 0
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MODE_IMMEDIATE = 1
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MODE_RELATIVE = 2
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ALL_OPCODES = (OPCODE_TERMINATE, OPCODE_ADD, OPCODE_MULTIPLY, OPCODE_INPUT, OPCODE_OUTPUT,
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OPCODE_JUMP_IF_TRUE, OPCODE_JUMP_IF_FALSE, OPCODE_LESS_THAN, OPCODE_EQUALS, OPCODE_SET_REL_BASE)
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# Opcodes that write to memory as their last parameter
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MEMORY_OPCODES = (OPCODE_ADD, OPCODE_MULTIPLY, OPCODE_INPUT, OPCODE_LESS_THAN, OPCODE_EQUALS)
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def __init__(self, instruction: int, rel_base: int = 0):
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# The opcode is the first two digits of the number, the rest are parameter modes
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self.opcode: int = instruction % 100
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if self.opcode not in Operation.ALL_OPCODES:
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raise ValueError(f"Bad opcode: {self.opcode}")
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self.modes: Tuple[int, ...] = self._extract_parameter_modes(instruction//100)
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self.output = None
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self.rel_base = rel_base
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def _extract_parameter_modes(self, raw_modes) -> Tuple[int, ...]:
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PARAMETER_COUNTS = {
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Operation.OPCODE_TERMINATE: 0,
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Operation.OPCODE_ADD: 3,
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Operation.OPCODE_MULTIPLY: 3,
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Operation.OPCODE_INPUT: 1,
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Operation.OPCODE_OUTPUT: 1,
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Operation.OPCODE_JUMP_IF_TRUE: 2,
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Operation.OPCODE_JUMP_IF_FALSE: 2,
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Operation.OPCODE_LESS_THAN: 3,
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Operation.OPCODE_EQUALS: 3,
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Operation.OPCODE_SET_REL_BASE: 1,
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}
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num_parameters = PARAMETER_COUNTS[self.opcode]
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modes = [Operation.MODE_POSITION for i in range(num_parameters)]
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mode_str = str(raw_modes)
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# Iterate over the modes digits backwards, assigning them to the parameter list until we exhaust the modes
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# The rest must be leading zeroes
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for mode_index, digit in zip(range(num_parameters), reversed(mode_str)):
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modes[mode_index] = int(digit)
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return tuple(modes)
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# Run the given operation, starting at the given instruction pointer
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# Returns the address that the instruction pointer should become
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def run(self, memory: Memory, instruction_pointer: int, program_input: Optional[int] = None) -> int:
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OPERATION_FUNCS = {
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# nop for terminate
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Operation.OPCODE_TERMINATE: Operation.terminate,
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Operation.OPCODE_ADD: Operation.add,
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Operation.OPCODE_MULTIPLY: Operation.multiply,
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Operation.OPCODE_INPUT: Operation.input,
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Operation.OPCODE_OUTPUT: Operation.output,
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Operation.OPCODE_JUMP_IF_TRUE: Operation.jump_if_true,
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Operation.OPCODE_JUMP_IF_FALSE: Operation.jump_if_false,
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Operation.OPCODE_LESS_THAN: Operation.less_than,
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Operation.OPCODE_EQUALS: Operation.equals,
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Operation.OPCODE_SET_REL_BASE: Operation.set_rel_base
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}
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# Reset the output and rel base of a previous run
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self.output = None
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args = []
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for i, mode in enumerate(self.modes):
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# Add 1 to move past the opcode itself
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pointer = instruction_pointer + i + 1
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arg = memory[pointer]
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# The last argument (the address parameter) must always act as an immediate
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# The problem statement is misleading in this regard. You do NOT want to get an address to store the value
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# at from another address.
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if mode != self.MODE_IMMEDIATE and i == len(self.modes) - 1 and self.opcode in Operation.MEMORY_OPCODES:
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if mode == Operation.MODE_RELATIVE:
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arg = self.rel_base + arg
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# Position mode is already handled since it would be arg = arg here.
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elif mode == Operation.MODE_POSITION:
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arg = memory[arg]
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elif mode == Operation.MODE_RELATIVE:
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arg = memory[self.rel_base + arg]
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elif mode != Operation.MODE_IMMEDIATE:
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raise ValueError(f"Invalid parameter mode {mode}")
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args.append(arg)
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func = OPERATION_FUNCS[self.opcode]
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if program_input is None:
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jump_addr = func(self, memory, *args)
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else:
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jump_addr = func(self, memory, program_input, *args)
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out_addr = instruction_pointer + len(self.modes) + 1
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if jump_addr is not None:
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out_addr = jump_addr
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return out_addr
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def terminate(self, memory: Memory) -> None:
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raise Halt("catch fire")
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def add(self, memory: Memory, a: int, b: int, loc: int) -> None:
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memory[loc] = a + b
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def multiply(self, memory: Memory, a: int, b: int, loc: int) -> None:
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memory[loc] = a * b
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def input(self, memory: Memory, program_input: int, loc: int) -> None:
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memory[loc] = program_input
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def output(self, memory: Memory, value: int) -> None:
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self.output = value
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def jump_if_true(self, memory: Memory, test_value: int, new_instruction_pointer: int) -> Optional[int]:
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return new_instruction_pointer if test_value != 0 else None
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def jump_if_false(self, memory: Memory, test_value: int, new_instruction_pointer: int) -> Optional[int]:
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return new_instruction_pointer if test_value == 0 else None
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def less_than(self, memory: Memory, a: int, b: int, loc: int) -> None:
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memory[loc] = int(a < b)
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def equals(self, memory: Memory, a: int, b: int, loc: int) -> None:
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memory[loc] = int(a == b)
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def set_rel_base(self, memory: Memory, base_delta: int) -> None:
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self.rel_base += base_delta
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# Executes the program, returning the instruction pointer to continue at (if the program paused), the relative base,
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# and a list of all outputs that occurred during the program's execution
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def execute_program(memory: Memory, program_inputs: List[int], initial_instruction_pointer: int = 0, initial_rel_base: int = 0) -> Tuple[Optional[int], int, List[int]]:
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i = initial_instruction_pointer
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input_cursor = 0
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outputs = []
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rel_base = initial_rel_base
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# Go up to the maximum address, not the number of addresses
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while i < max(memory.keys()):
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operation = Operation(memory[i], rel_base)
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program_input = None
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# If we're looking for input
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if operation.opcode == Operation.OPCODE_INPUT:
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# If we are out of input, don't fail out, but rather just pause execution
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if input_cursor >= len(program_inputs):
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return i, rel_base, outputs
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program_input = program_inputs[input_cursor]
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input_cursor += 1
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try:
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i = operation.run(memory, i, program_input)
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output = operation.output
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rel_base = operation.rel_base
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except Halt:
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break
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if output is not None:
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outputs.append(output)
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# The program is finished, and we are saying there is no instruction pointer
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return None, rel_base, outputs
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# Trace all of the painted points that the robot makes
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def trace_paints(initial_memory_state: Memory, initial_color: int = 0) -> DefaultDict[Tuple[int, int], int]:
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ROBOT_DIRECTIONS = ['UP', 'RIGHT', 'DOWN', 'LEFT']
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ROBOT_DELTAS = {
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'UP': (0, 1),
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'RIGHT': (-1, 0),
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'DOWN': (0, -1),
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'LEFT': (1, 0)
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}
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colors = collections.defaultdict(lambda: 0)
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colors[(0, 0)] = initial_color
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# Represents an index in ROBOT_DIRECTIONS
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robot_direction = 0
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robot_row, robot_col = (0, 0)
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memory = initial_memory_state.copy()
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last_ip = 0
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rel_base = 0
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while last_ip is not None:
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current_color = colors[(robot_row, robot_col)]
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last_ip, rel_base, outputs = execute_program(memory, [current_color], last_ip, rel_base)
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paint_color, rotation_direction = outputs
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colors[(robot_row, robot_col)] = paint_color
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# Rotate left/right respectively
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if rotation_direction == 0:
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robot_direction -= 1
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else:
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robot_direction += 1
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# Set the new direction to the corresponding one in the ROBOT_DIRECTIONS list
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robot_direction %= len(ROBOT_DIRECTIONS)
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d_row, d_col = ROBOT_DELTAS[ROBOT_DIRECTIONS[robot_direction]]
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robot_row, robot_col = robot_row + d_row, robot_col + d_col
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return colors
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def part1(inputs: Memory) -> int:
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colors = trace_paints(inputs, 0)
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return len(colors)
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def part2(inputs: Memory) -> None:
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colors = trace_paints(inputs, 1)
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max_x = max(coord[0] for coord in colors)
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max_y = max(coord[1] for coord in colors)
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min_x = min(coord[0] for coord in colors)
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min_y = min(coord[1] for coord in colors)
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for j in reversed(range(min_y, max_y+1)):
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for i in reversed(range(min_x, max_x+1)):
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print('#' if colors[(i, j)] == 1 else ' ', end='')
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print('')
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if __name__ == "__main__":
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if len(sys.argv) != 2:
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print("Usage: ./main.py in_file")
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sys.exit(1)
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memory = Memory()
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with open(sys.argv[1]) as f:
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for i, item in enumerate(f.read().rstrip().split(",")):
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memory[i] = int(item)
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print(part1(memory))
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part2(memory)
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